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Dark matter (´Ò¤-áÁ·-à·ÍÃì) ËÃ×ÍÊÒÃÁ×´ à»ç¹ÊÊÒ÷ÕèÂѧäÁèÃÙé¨Ñ¡ áÅФԴÇèÒÁÕÍÂÙè¨ÃÔ§ ÍÂÙèÃÐËÇèÒ§áµèÅСÒáÅ¡«Õè áÅФԴÇèÒÁÕÍÂÙèÍÂèÒ§¹éÍ 90% ¢Í§ÁÇÅàÍ¡À¾ ÁÕÍÂÙèËÅÒÂÃٻẺ àªè¹ ËÅØÁ´Ó(Black holes), ´ÒÇá¤ÃÒйéÓµÒÅ(Brown dwarfs), ͹ØÀÒ¤·ÕèÂѧäÁèÃÙé¨Ñ¡(Unknow atomic particle) ·Ñé§ËÁ´¹ÕéàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ cold dark matter Êèǹ·Õèà»ç¹ hot dark matter ¹Ñ鹨Ðä´éá¡è ¹ÔǵÃÔâ¹
Dark nebula (¤Ò¤-๺ÔÇÅèÒ) ËÃ×Í à¹ºÔÇÅèÒÁ×´ à»ç¹¡ÅØèÁ¢Í§½Øè¹ËÃ×Í¡êҫ˹ҷֺ·ÕèäÁèàÃ×ͧáʧ àËç¹à¾Õ§à§Ò´ÓæµÑ´¡Ñºáʧ´ÒÇËÃ×Í๺ÔÇÅèÒÊÇèÒ§´éÒ¹ËÅѧà·èÒ¹Ñé¹ Dark nebula ·ÕèÁÕª×èÍàÊÕ§ä´éá¡è Coalsack ËÃ×Ͷا¶èÒ¹ 㹡ÅØèÁ´Òǡҧࢹãµé
Day (à´Âì) à»ç¹àÇÅÒ·ÕèâÅ¡ËÁعÃͺµÑÇàͧ¤ÃºË¹Öè§Ãͺ â´ÂÁÕÍÂÙè 2 ¤èÒµÒÁÇÔ¸Õ¡ÒáÓ˹´¨Ø´ÍéÒ§ÍÔ§ ¤×Í
1.sidereal day ãªé´ÒÇÄ¡Éìà»ç¹¨Ø´ÍéÒ§Íԧ㹡ÒÃËÁع¤Ãº 1 Ãͺ ÁÕ¤èÒà·èҡѺ 23 ªÑèÇâÁ§ 56 ¹Ò·Õ 04.091 ÇÔ¹Ò·Õ
2.solar day ËÃ×Í apparent solar day ãªé´Ç§ÍÒ·ÔµÂìà»ç¹¨Ø´ÍéÒ§Íԧ㹡ÒÃËÁع 1 Ãͺ ÁÕ¤èÒà·èҡѺ 24 ªÑèÇâÁ§ 3 ¹Ò·Õ 56.555 ÇÔ¹Ò·Õ
Declination (à´-¤ÅÔ-à¹-ªÑè¹) ´Ù¤ÓÇèÒ Coordinate
Decoupling era (´Õ-¤Ùº-ºÔé§-ÍÕ-ÃèÒ) ªèǧàÇÅÒ»ÃÐÁÒ³ 3 áʹ»ÕËÅѧà¡Ô´ Big Bang àÁ×èÍàÍ¡À¾àÃÔèÁàÂç¹µÑÇŧáÅÐÍеÍÁµÑÇááàÃÔèÁ¡è͵ÑÇ¢Öé¹ ¡ÒÃá¼èÃѧÊբͧäÁâ¤ÃàÇ¿¾×é¹ËÅѧ¨ÐÊÑÁ¾Ñ¹¸ì¡ÑºªèǧàÇÅÒ¹Õé
Deep sky àÍ¡À¾·ÕèÍÂÙèä¡Å¨Ò¡ÃкºÊØÃÔÂÐÍÍ¡ä» ä´éá¡è¾Ç¡ ¡ÃШء´ÒÇ à¹ºÔÇÅèÒ áÅÐ ¡ÒáÅ¡«Õè â´ÂàÃÕ¡ÃÇÁæ¡Ñ¹ÇèÒ Deep sky object ·Ñ駹Õé¨ÐäÁèÃÇÁ´ÒÇÄ¡ÉìäÇé´éÇÂ
Degenerate matter (´Õ-ਹ-à¹Í-à÷ áÁ·-à·ÍÃì) ÊÀÒÇФ§ÍÂÙè¢Í§´ÒÇÄ¡ÉìªèǧÇÔÇѲ¹Ò¡ÒÃÊØ´·éÒ ËÅѧ¨Ò¡·Õè¾Åѧ§Ò¹¹ÔÇà¤ÅÕÂÃì·Õè᡹¡ÅÒ§ËÁ´Å§
Descending node (´ÕÊ-ૹ-´Ôé§ â˹´) ´Ù¤ÓÇèÒ Node
Diagonal (ä´ÍС͹ÑÅ) ÁÕÍÂÙèÊͧ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒ¤×Í
1) ÍØ»¡Ã³ì·Õèãªé¡ÅѺ·ÔÈ·Ò§¢Í§áʧ·Õèä´é¨Ò¡¡ÅéͧËÑ¡àËáʧà¾×èÍãËéà¡Ô´ÀÒ¾àÊÁ×͹¨ÃÔ§ àªè¹ ÀÒ¾ËÑǵÑé§ ËÃ×Í ¡ÅѺ«éÒÂà»ç¹¢ÇÒ «Ö觶éÒ Diagonal ¹Ñé¹·ÓãËéáʧÁÕ¡ÒÃÊзéÍ¹ä» 90 ͧÈÒ (ÀÒ¾ËÑǵÑ駢Öé¹ÍÂèÒ§à´ÕÂÇ) àÃÒÁÑ¡àÃÕ¡ÇèÒ Star Diagonal »Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹ÁÕ¡ÒÃãªé»ÃÔ«ÖÁÁÒá·¹¡ÃШ¡«Ö觨зÓãËéáʧËÑ¡àËä» 45 ͧÈÒà·èÒ¹Ñé¹áµèÀÒ¾¨Ðà»ç¹ËÑǵÑé§áÅСÅѺ«éÒ¢ÇÒ¶Ù¡µéͧ (ÀÒ¾àÊÁ×͹¨ÃÔ§)
2) ¡ÃШ¡ºÒ¹·ÕèÊͧ ËÃ×Í Secondary mirror ¢Í§¡ÅéͧẺ¹ÔÇâ·à¹Õ¹¡çàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ Diagonal àËÁ×͹¡Ñ¹
Diamond-ring Effect ËÃ×Í »ÃÒ¡¯¡ÒóìáËǹྪà à»ç¹»ÃÒ¡¯¡ÒóìªèǧÊÑé¹æÃÐËÇèÒ§·Õèà¡Ô´ÊØÃÔ»ÃÒ¤ÒàµçÁ´Ç§ ¨Ðà¡Ô´¢Öé¹ÃÐËÇèÒ§ªèǧ¡è͹áÅÐËÅѧ¡ÒÃà¡Ô´¤ÅÒÊ ÅѡɳФÅéÒ¡ѺáËǹྪà ´Ñ§ÃÙ»
Dichotomy (ä´-â¤-â·-ÁÕè) ªèǧà¿Ê¢Í§´ÒǾظËÃ×Í´ÒÇÈØ¡Ãì ·Õè»ÃÒ¡¯¤ÇÒÁÊÇèÒ§¨Ò¡´Ç§ÍÒ·ÔµÂìà¾Õ§¤ÃÖè§à´ÕÂÇ
Diffuse Nebula (´Ô¿-ÂÙ« ๺ÔÇÅèÒ) ¡ÅØèÁ¢Í§¡êÒ«ã¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ·ÕèàÃ×ͧáʧ ¨Ò¡à¹ºÔÇÅèÒ·ÕèäÁèÊÒÁÒöÃÇÁµÑǡѹà»ç¹´ÒÇÄ¡Éìä´é¢³Ð¹Ñé¹ áµèàÃ×ͧáʧä´é¨Ò¡¾Åѧ§Ò¹¢Í§´ÒÇÄ¡Éì·ÕèÍÂÙè©Ò¡ËÅѧËÃ×Íã¡Åéà¤Õ§ ãªéÍÑ¡ÉÃÂèÍÇèÒ DN áºè§ÍÍ¡à»ç¹Êͧ¡ÅØèÁ¤×Í
1) Emission nebular à»ç¹¾Ç¡à¹ºÔÇÅèÒàÃ×ͧáʧ
2) Reflection nebular à»ç¹¾Ç¡à¹ºÔÇÅèÒÊзé͹áʧ
Direct Motion (ä´-àÃç¤ âÁ-ªÑè¹) à»ç¹¡ÒÃ⤨ÃËÃ×ÍËÁعÃͺµÑÇàͧ¢Í§Çѵ¶Ø·éͧ¿éÒã¹·ÔÈ·Ò§à´ÕÂǡѺ¡ÒÃËÁع¢Í§âÅ¡ ËÃ×Í ¡ÒÃËÁع·Ç¹à¢çÁ¹ÒÌÔ¡ÒàÁ×èÍÁͧÁÒ¨Ò¡·Ò§¢ÑéÇâÅ¡à˹×Í â´Â¾Ô¨ÒóҷÕè᡹àÍÕ§¢Í§Ç§â¤¨ÃËÃ×Í᡹ËÁع¹éÍ¡ÇèÒ 90 ͧÈÒ ¶éÒ¾Ô¨ÒóҷÕèÇѵ¶Ø·éͧ¿éÒáÅéÇ Direct Motion Çѵ¶Ø¨Ðà¤Å×è͹¨Ò¡·ÔȵÐÇѹµ¡ä»·ÔȵÐÇѹÍÍ¡ ÁÕª×èÍàÃÕ¡੾ÒÐÍÕ¡ª×èÍ˹Öè§ÇèÒ Progarade Motion
Disk Galaxy (´ÔÊ ¡ÒáÅ¡«Õè) à»ç¹ª×èÍ·ÕèãªéàÃÕ¡¡ÒáÅ¡«Õè ËÃ×Í ´ÒÃҨѡà ·ÕèÁÕÅѡɳÐà»ç¹á¼è¹¨Ò¹ºÒ§æ ·ÕèÁÕ´ÒÇÃÒÂÅéÍÁà»ç¹ÃÑÈÁÕÃͺæÈÙ¹Âì¡ÅÒ§¡ÒáÅ¡«Õè Disk Galaxy ãªéàÃÕ¡ä´é·Ñ駡ÒáÅ¡«ÕèẺà¡ÅÕÂÇ (Sprial Galaxy) áÅÐ ¡ÒáÅ¡«ÕèẺàŹ«ì (Lenticular Galaxy)
Dispersion (´ÔÊ-à¾Í-ªÑè¹) ¤×Í¡ÒáÃШÒ¢ͧáʧÊÕ¢ÒÇà»ç¹Í§¤ì»ÃСͺ¢Í§ÊÕµèÒ§ «Öè§à¡Ô´¨Ò¡àŹ«ì ËÃ×Í »ÃÔ«ÖÁ à¡Ô´¢Ö鹨ҡ¤ÇÒÁᵡµèÒ§¢Í§¤ÇÒÁÂÒǤÅ×蹢ͧáʧàÁ×èÍà¡Ô´¡ÒÃËÑ¡àË ÊÓËÃѺ¡Åéͧ´Ù´ÒǨÐËÅÕ¡àÅÕ觡ÒÃà¡Ô´·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ Chromatic aberration áµè¡ÅѺÁÕ»ÃÐ⪹ì¡Ñºà¤Ã×èͧÁ×Í·Ò§´ÒÃÒÈÒʵÃìÍÂèÒ§àªè¹ spectrograph à¾×èÍÈÖ¡ÉÒÊ໤µÃÑÁ¢Í§´ÒÇÄ¡Éì
Distance modulus à»ç¹¤èÒ¤ÇÒÁᵡµèÒ§ÃÐËÇèÒ§¤ÇÒÁÊÇèÒ§»ÃÒ¡¯ (m) áÅФÇÒÁÊÇèÒ§ÊÑÁºÙóì (M) ¢Í§´ÒÇÄ¡Éì ¼Å·Õèä´é¨Ðà»ç¹ÃÐÂзҧ (r) ã¹Ë¹èǾÒ૤ ¨Ò¡Êٵà m-M = 5 (log r) - 5
Dobsonian Telescope (´Íº-â«- à¹Õè¹ à·àÅÊ⤻) à»ç¹ª×èÍ·ÕèãªéàÃÕ¡¡ÅéͧẺÊзé͹áʧ¹ÔÇâ·à¹Õ¹ ·ÕèÇÒ§ÍÂÙ躹°Ò¹áººÍÑŵҫÔÁظ ª×èÍ Dobsonian ÁÒ¨Ò¡¹Ñ¡»ÃдÔÉ°ªÒÇÍàÁÃԡѹ John Dobson ·Õè¤Ô´¡ÅéͧẺ¹Õé¢Öé¹àÁ×èÍ»Õ ¤È.1915
Doppler effect (´ÍÅì»-àÅÍÃì-àÍ¿-࿤) à»ç¹»ÃÒ¡¯¡Òóì·ÕèàÊÕ§ËÃ×Íáʧ ÁÕ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§¤ÇÒÁÂÒǤÅ×è¹ àÁ×èÍáËÅ觡Óà¹Ô´àÊÕ§ ËÃ×Íáʧ¹Ñé¹ ÁÕ¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹·ÕèàÁ×èÍà·Õº¡Ñº¼ÙéÊѧࡵ â´Â¨ÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¶ÕèÁÒ¡¢Öé¹àÁ×èÍáËÅ觡Óà¹Ô´à¤Å×è͹·Õèà¢éÒËÒ¼ÙéÊѧࡵ áÅÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¶ÕèŴŧ àÁ×èÍáËÅ觡Óà¹Ô´ à¤Å×è͹·ÕèÍÍ¡¨Ò¡¼ÙéÊѧࡵ µÑÇÍÂèÒ§¢Í§»ÃÒ¡¯¡Òóì¹Õé¤×Í Ã¶·Õèà»Ô´ä«àùÇÔè§à¢éÒËÒàÃÒ àÊÕ§äÃàù¨ÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¶ÕèÊÙ§ áÅÐàÊÕ§¨ÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¶ÕèµèÓŧ àÁ×èÍöÇÔè§ËèÒ§¨Ò¡àÃÒä» »ÃÒ¡¯¡Òóì¹Õ餹¾ºâ´Â ¤ÃÔÊàµÕ¹ ´Í»à»ÍÃì ¹Ñ¡¿ÔÊÔ¡ÊìªÒÇÍÍÊàµÃÕ ÁÕªÕÇÔµÍÂÙèÃÐËÇèÒ§»Õ ¤È.1803-1853 ã¹·Ò§´ÒÃÒÈÒʵÃì »ÃÒ¡¯¡Òóì¹ÕéÊÓ¤ÑÁÒ¡ à¾ÃÒзÓãËéà¡Ô´»ÃÒ¡¯¡Òóì·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ blueshift áÅÐ redshift
Double Star à»ç¹´ÒÇÄ¡ÉìÊͧ´Ç§·ÕèàËç¹ÍÂÙèã¡Åé¡Ñ¹º¹·éͧ¿éÒÁÕÍÂÙè´éÇ¡ѹÊͧẺ¤×Í
1) ´ÒÇÄ¡Éì·ÕèÍÂÙèã¡Åé¡Ñ¹¨ÃÔ§æ áÅÐÊè§áçâ¹éÁ¶èǧ«Ö觡ѹáÅСѹÃÙé¨Ñ¡ã¹ª×èÍÇèÒ binary star
2) ´ÒÇÄ¡Éì·ÕèÁÕÃÐÂÐËèÒ§¨Ò¡âÅ¡·Õèá¹è¹Í¹áÅеèÒ§¡Ñ¹ áµèàËç¹ÍÂÙèã¡Åé¡Ñ¹º¹·éͧ¿éÒ àÃÒàÃÕ¡´ÒǤÙèẺ¹ÕéÇèÒ optical double
Doublet (´Ñº-àÅç·) à»ç¹ÅѡɳТͧàŹ«ìÊͧªÔé¹·Õè¹ÓÁÒäÇéã¡Åé¡Ñ¹ËÃ×ͤÑè¹´éǪèͧÇèÒ§ à¾×èÍÅ´ÍÒ¡ÒäÅÒ´ÊÕ·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ chromatic aberration
Dumbbell Nebula à»ç¹ª×èÍ੾ÒТͧ๺ÔÇÅèÒ´ÒÇà¤ÃÒÐËì M27 㹡ÅØèÁ´ÒÇÊعѢ¨Ô駨͡(Vulpecular) à»ç¹à¹ºÔÇÅèÒ¢¹Ò´ãËèËèÒ§¨Ò¡âÅ¡ 1,000 »ÕáʧáÅÐÊÒÁÒöÁͧàËç¹ä´é¨Ò¡¡ÅéͧÊͧµÒ ¶Ù¡µÑ駪×èÍâ´Â Lord Rosse ´éǤÇÒÁ·ÕèÁÕÃÙ»ÃèÒ§¤ÅéÒ¹ÒÌÔ¡Ò·ÃÒ (Hourglass)
Dwarf Galaxy ËÃ×Í¡ÒáÅ¡«Õèá¤ÃÐ à»ç¹¡ÒáÅ¡«Õè·ÕèÁÕ¢¹Ò´àÅç¡¡ÇèÒ¡ÒáÅ¡«Õè·ÑèÇä»áÅÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÊÇèÒ§¹éÍ â´Â·ÑèÇ仨Ðà»ç¹¾Ç¡¡ÒáÅ¡«ÕèÃÙ»ä¢è(elliptical) ËÃ×Í ¡ÒáÅ¡«ÕèäÃéÃÙ»ÃèÒ§ (Irregular) ÁÕ¡ÒáÅ¡«Õèá¤ÃÒÐÁÒ¡ÁÒÂà»ç¹à¾×è͹ºéÒ¹¢Í§·Ò§ªéÒ§à¼×Í¡ ÍÂÙè㹡ÅØèÁ¡ÒáÅ¡«Õè·éͧ¶Ôè¹ (Local Group)
Dwarf Nova ËÃ×Í â¹ÇÒá¤ÃÐ à»ç¹»ÃÐàÀ·Ë¹Ö觢ͧ´ÒÇá»ÃáʧẺäÁ褧·Õè «Ö觡ÃÒ¿¤ÇÒÁÊÇèÒ§¨Ð¤§·Õèà»ç¹àÇÅÒ¹Ò¹áÅéÇ¡çÊÇèÒ§¢Öé¹ÍÂèÒ§·Ñ¹·Õ·Ñ¹ã´ áÅСÅѺÁÒÊÇèÒ§»¡µÔÍÕ¡¤ÃÑé§ à¡Ô´¢Ö鹨ҡÃкº´ÒǤÙè«Öè§ÁÕÊÁÒªÔ¡´Ç§Ë¹Öè§à»ç¹´ÒÇá¤ÃТÒÇ (White dwarf) µÑÇÍÂèÒ§ä´éá¡è´ÒÇ U Geminorum Z Camelopardalis
Dwarf Star ËÃ×Í ´ÒÇá¤ÃÐ à»ç¹ÅѡɳзÑèÇ仢ͧ´ÒÇÄ¡Éì㹡ÒáÅ¡«ÕèÁÕ»ÃÐÁÒ³ 90 à»ÍÃìૹµì ÁÕÁÇÅâ´Âà©ÅÕè 60 à»ÍÃìૹµì ÃÙé¨Ñ¡¡Ñ¹ã¹ª×èͧ͢ main-sequence ã¹á¼¹¼Ñ§ HR-diagram ¤ÓÇèÒá¤ÃÒÐÁÒ¨Ò¡¤ÇÒÁÊÑÁ¾Ñ¹¸ì¢Í§¤ÇÒÁÊÇèÒ§¹éÍ¡ÇèÒ¢¹Ò´ ´Ç§ÍÒ·ÔµÂì¢Í§àÃÒ¡çà»ç¹Ë¹Öè§ã¹¨Ó¾Ç¡´ÒÇá¤ÃдéÇÂ
Dynamical Parallax à»ç¹ÃÐÂзҧ·ÕèÇÑ´¨Ò¡Ãкº´ÒǤÙè ¡Ó˹´â´Â¤ÇÒÁÊÑÁ¾Ñ¹¸ìÃÐËÇèÒ§ÁÇŢͧ´ÒÇ·Ñé§Êͧ ¢¹Ò´Ç§â¤¨Ã áÅФҺ
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